Although microglia only make up about 10% of all brain cells, these inconspicuous members of our brain work to create a stable environment by keeping our brain clean and healthy, thus allowing neurons to perform their vitally important functions. Lastly, the smallest type of glial cell is known as microglia, which has begun to draw more attention in recent years. Second, oligodendrocytes speed up the transmission of information, allowing neurons to communicate quickly. When we take a closer look at the brain, we see three types of glial cells (Figure 1): first, the star-shaped cells, astrocytes, support communication between neurons. But how exactly do glial cells support neurons? Glia are generally smaller but more numerous than neurons and support the functions of the neurons in the brain. However, about half of the mass of our brain is made up of non-neuronal cells called glia (a Greek word meaning glue). The attention they get might suggest that the brain is only made up of neurons. Neurons, which receive, transmit, and process information, are arguably the most famous cells in our brain. This curiosity led them to discover neurons, the brain’s messenger cells. For decades, scientists have been intrigued by how the brain controls the body.
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